Pile and method of forming and sinking it.



PATENTBD JULY 2, 19d?.

D. E. MORAN. PILE AND METHOD 0F FORMING AND SINKING IT.

-APPLIATION FILED MAB. 4, 1907.

DANIEL E. MoEAN, OEMENDEAM, NEW JERSEY.

Specication of `Letters Patent.

EICE. j

VPILE A ND :METHOD or' FORMING AND srNKINeI'r.

patentes Ju1y a, 19057.

Application filed March 4,1907. Serial No. 860,447.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, DANIEL E. MonAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mendham, in the county of Morris and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and luseful Improvements in Piles and Methods of Forming and Sinking Them, of which the following is aspeciication. i

This invention aims to .and certain new elementsor sub-combinations thereof,

' are to be sunk to a great depth.

and a method of forming and sinking the same.

The invention is especially advantageous where piles According to, the invention in its completest aspect, a shell of metal is driven or sunk by a water jet, and there is introduced into it not amore-reinforcing rod such as have. been previously u'sed in concrete piles, but u: substantial column adapted to support a load such us the weight of the building or other superstri1c ture, the column being afterwards surrounded with concrete chieiy to protect it from corrosion, and incidentally to stiHen it against buckling. It is not proposed however to utilize the resistance ofthe concrete to compression in the vertical direction, to the same extent as is done ordinary concrete piles. The outside shell may be allowed to remain in place forming a further stiffening means, although one which is sub' ject to corrosion. 0r this shell may be withdrawn,

leaving the pile to be composed only of its steel columnand its .concrete jacket.

, trated,` the column A constitutes A pile of this type may be designed with amuch lower factor of. safety than must be used for concrete' piles. This, and the additional strength of 'the steel as compared with concrete, gives a pile oi much greater bearing power: At the same time the objection previously existing against' steel piles-is obviated by the use of the concrete jacket.

The method of sinking is practically without limit as to depth, and if the depth be so great that the shell must be left in place, this may be of very light sheet metal so that the expense is not prohibitive.

Other advantages `are referred to -in detail hereinafter. v

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view at an intermediate stage of the process of sinking; Fig. 2 is a similar View of a completed pile with the jacket withdrawn; Fig'. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3-3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4 is an under side plan view of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a crosssection of a finished pile.

Referring to the embodiment of the invention i1lusthe principal part of the pile. This column is provided with stiffcning anges, and preferably built up'in the manner shownI in Figs. 3 and 4, of angles B riveted together and spaced apart by means of spacers (7,.which throughout provide anilnproved pile,

the principal part of their length preferably are flush.. with the outer edges of the angles, and which may be provided with projecting portions D to formguides in the surroundingshell. fSuch a built up column provides a hollow pile core havingnumerous advantages.

' The lower end of the column A is preferably vprovided with a shoe consisting of fourhard steel platesE, prei-,-

erably extending in' line with the spacers C, and leav ing the central passage F of the column open clear from top to bottom. The outer shell G may be a plain cy-v lindrical tube of thin metal, or may be made of sti construction 'in case it is `to be-withdrawn after sinking.

It is preferably lreinforced by 'a ring-H at its lower end. The construction and dimensions of the partsare such as to leave a space J between the column and the shellfand the wings D may be multiplied asv many times as are necessary in the length'of the column, and serve to guide it or center it in the shell.

The sinking` may be Avery cheaply and quickly effected bymeans of a water jet passing down the cen,- tral passage F of the column and up the intermediate passage J, or vice versa. The detailed construction shown provides passages of substantial area adapted to make very easy the carrying out ofthe work.

Where the columns are to rest on a rock or similar sub-foundation, the shoe blades E at the lower ond of v the column serve a valuable purpose, The column in such a case after being sunk to the rock K (Fig. 2) is lifted and low'ered, working in the manner of a ram, 85 and turned at the same time, so that it makes for itself a level bearing upon the rock, oreven a socket' in the rockwhich will hold the lower end oi -the pile from shifting laterally thereon.

After sinking to rock or to the desired depth in the manner described, concrete L is introducedin what I believe to be a novel and highlyeiica'cious manner.

The concrete is mixed quite fluid and is fed down one' of the passages and up the other, preferably down the central passage F, first filling the bottom of the shell, and then as the introduction is continued under pressure rising in the space between the column and the shell. This methody of introduction of the concrete by forcing Ait upward from the bottom, insures a much more perfect and well packed body of concrete than l0() with the old method. After the concrete filling has been introduced, or during' the .filling operation, the shell may be withdrawn.

Though I have described with great particularity of detail certain specific embodiments of my inven-v tion, yet it is` not to hennderstood therefrom that the invention is restricted to the particular embodiments disclosed. v

Various modifications thereof in detail and in the arrangement and combination of the parts, may be V made by those skilled in the art, without departure from' the. invention.

I claim as my nvention:-

1. 'ihe method ofhforming a pile which consists in intlroducing'concretc downward through a tubular passage vand upward through another tubular passage.

The method of forming a pile which consists in sinkA ing a hollow column with an open space outside of it and introducing `concrete downward through said column and 'upward into said open space.

1i. 'lhe method of forming a pile which consists in sinking an outer casing witlr a column therein, and surrounding said column with concrete.

4. 'ihe method of forming` a pile which consists in'sink- .ingan outer `casing with a column therein, and surrounding said column with concrete and withdrawing the outer casing.

5. 'ihe method of forming a pile which consists in arranging a hollow column with a surrounding casing to form a central passage and a surroundlngpassage, und sinking the tWotogether by forcing water down one of said passages and up the other,

(3. The method of forming a pile which consists in arranging a hollow column with a surrounding casing to form a central passage and a surrounding passage, and

sinking the two together by forcing water down one of.

said passages `and up the other, subsequently forcing concrctcv down .one of saidpussages and up the other.

y7. '.ihe method yoformrng a pile which consists in arranging a hollow column with a surrounding casing Ato "iform-a central passage and a surrounding passage, and

sinking the twotogether by forcingr water down one of said passages and up the, other, subsequently forcing concrctedown one of said passages and up the`other and withdrawing` the surrounding casing.

8. 'lhe method of forming a pile which consists in sinkingL a column adapted to be used as a ram to a position of support upon a sub-foundation, by means of a water jet,

11. A sanken pile comprising a metal column adapted io support a loud and surrounded by concrete throughout its length.

l2. A sunken pile comprising a flanged and thereby stiifeucd member surrounded by concrete throughout its length.

13. A pile comprising a hollow metal column adapted to support a load and having concrete inside and outside of it.

l-i. A plie comprising a metal column adapted to support a load and resting.r directly on the sub-foundation and surrounded by concrete. L

15. A pile comprising a hollow metal column adaptcd to support a load and resting directly on the sub-foundation and having concrete inside and outside of it.

16. A sunken pile comprising a casing, a tubular member therein, and concrete within said tubular mcnxhcr and within the space between said member and said casing.

17. A sunken pile comprising a casing, a metal column therein adapted to support a load, and concrete surrounding said column.

i8. A pile comprising a casing` a hollow metal column therein adapted to support u lond, und concreto within and around said column.

1i). A pile comprising a concrete body and a tubular metal core.

:30A A plie comprising a flanged tubular member having concrete inside of it,

21.-.A pile having a concrete body and a core, said core having a shoe at. its lower end adapted to form a good hearingr on the sub-foundation.

22. A sunken pile having a concrete body and a corc, said core having sti'ening iinnges,

23. A hollow pile core having stiieulng flanges.

224i `i\ hollow pile core having stifcuing iiauges, and havingr at its l'.wcr end a. shoe consisting,r of blades suhstantially in /me with said iiangcs, said shoe having au opcning communicating with the hollow space within the core.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name 111 the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DANIEL n. MonAN.

Witnesses:

Mannion DEUTSCH, 0. W. STANsnunr. 

